Fig. 3: PD-L1-containing exosomes inhibit INF-γ production in Jurkat cells.

a Jurkat cells were treated with the indicated exosomes for 4 h in the presence of PMA (50 ng mL^–1) and ionomycin (500 ng mL^–1) after PD-L1 masking within the exosomes through treatment with control or anti-PD-L1 antibodies for 30 min. IFN-γ production was measured by ELISA. b H460/PD-L1^KO cells were generated as described in the methods. PD-L1 expression was confirmed by western blot analysis. c Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) of H460 cell-derived and H460/PD-L1^KO cell-derived exosomes. d Jurkat cells were treated with H460-derived or H460/PD-L1^KO cell-derived exosomes for 4 h in the presence of PMA (50 ng mL^–1) and ionomycin (500 ng mL^–1), and IFN-γ production was then measured by ELISA. The results are from three experiments. All data are presented as the means ± standard deviations. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.005, and ***P < 0.0005 by a paired two-tailed Student’s t-test