Fig. 4: IPA mitigates hepatic inflammation and liver injury in rats fed a high-fat diet. | Experimental & Molecular Medicine

Fig. 4: IPA mitigates hepatic inflammation and liver injury in rats fed a high-fat diet.

From: Indole-3-propionic acid inhibits gut dysbiosis and endotoxin leakage to attenuate steatohepatitis in rats

Fig. 4

Plasma levels of ALT (a) and AST (b) were measured. Inflammation (c) and hepatocellular ballooning (d) were scored based on histological alterations. Representative immunostaining of myeloperoxidase (MPO) (e) and F4/80 (f) to show infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, respectively. Arrows denote positively stained cells. Quantification of MPO- (g) and F4/80-positive (h) cells expressed as a percentage of those in the HFD + vehicle group. The average numbers of positive cells were quantified from a randomly selected pool of five fields under each condition. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM. n = 8–10, *P < 0.05, vs. rats fed a chow diet; #P < 0.05, vs. rats fed a high-fat diet

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