Fig. 1: Clinical characteristics of MSA. | Experimental & Molecular Medicine

Fig. 1: Clinical characteristics of MSA.

From: Models of multiple system atrophy

Fig. 1

The symptoms are subdivided into parkinsonian, cerebellar, and autonomic. Parkinsonian symptoms include motor symptoms, such as bradykinesia, tremor, and postural instability. Patients with more evident parkinsonism are considered to have the parkinsonian subtype of the disease (MSA-P). Patients with cerebellar symptoms, such as ataxia and cerebellar oculomotor dysfunction, are considered to have the cerebellar subtype of the disease (MSA-C). Both subtypes share common autonomic dysfunctions described above.

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