Fig. 4: Effects of OPN on the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.
From: Osteopontin contributes to late-onset asthma phenotypes in adult asthma patients
a In total, 4 μg of recombinant OPN (rOPN) was administered to mice during the sensitization period as in the described protocol. Increased b AHR and c mixed eosinophil/neutrophil counts in BALF. d Increased TGF-β1 levels in BALF after rOPN administration. e Changes in gene expression and cytokine levels in BALF. f and g Increased levels of pSmad3 in the lung tissues of mice, analyzed by Western blotting. Data are shown as the means ± SEM, n = 5–10 for each group. *P values were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney U test. AHR airway hyperresponsiveness; Alum aluminum hydroxide; Areg amphiregulin; BALF bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; CH3L1 chitinase 3-like 1; Dex dexamethasone; Egfr epidermal growth factor receptor; Eos eosinophil; IFN-γ interferon γ; IL interleukin; Lymph lymphocyte; Macro macrophage; Mon montelukast; Neu neutrophil; OPN osteopontin; poly(I:C) polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid; Total total cell count; TGF-β1 transforming growth factor β1; TSLP thymic stromal lymphopoietin.
