Fig. 3: Angiogenic differences between control HBMVECs and AVMECs are demonstrated prior to treatment and are further augmented by altering the EphrinB2 to EphB4 ratio. | Experimental & Molecular Medicine

Fig. 3: Angiogenic differences between control HBMVECs and AVMECs are demonstrated prior to treatment and are further augmented by altering the EphrinB2 to EphB4 ratio.

From: Dysregulation of the EphrinB2−EphB4 ratio in pediatric cerebral arteriovenous malformations is associated with endothelial cell dysfunction in vitro and functions as a novel noninvasive biomarker in patients

Fig. 3

a Baseline differences are observed between pathologic AVMECs and normal HBMVECs. AVMs had increased rates of invasion (p = 0.04) and migration (p = 0.086) and decreased tube formation (p = 0.06). Perturbations to the EphrinB2/EphB4 ratio (either increasing EphrinB2 or decreasing EphB4) can alter the phenotype of normal HBMVECs to mimic an exaggerated AVM response. a, b At baseline (0.5% serum), AVMEC invasion was at a rate that was nearly double that of HBMVECs (p = 0.04). b, c Stimulation with 250 ng/mL exogenous EphrinB2 increased HBMVEC invasion (*p = 0.03). b, c Inhibition of EphB4 with 100 nM NVP BHG increased HBMVEC invasion (*p < 0.05).

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