Table 2 Homologous recombination factors.
From: Maintenance of genome integrity and active homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells
| Â | Human | Functions |
|---|---|---|
Recombinase | RAD51 | DNA-dependent ATPase activity (53) |
Homologous to the bacterial RecA (53) | ||
Binds to single-stranded DNA (53) | ||
Catalyzes the strand exchange and recognition of homology (53) | ||
DMC1 | Meiosis-specific homology search and strand invasion (53) | |
Repairs of meiotic double-strand breaks (53) | ||
Regulators | RAD52 | Promotes Rad51-dependent homologous recombination (53) |
Promotes the annealing of complementary ssDNA (18) | ||
Interacts with RAD51 and RPA (53) | ||
BRCA2 | Mediates DNA strand invasion (40) | |
Recombination mediator activity (53) | ||
Stabilizes RAD51-ssDNA filaments by blocking ATP hydrolysis (40) | ||
RAD51B-RAD51C RAD51D-XRCC2 RAD51D-XRCC3 | Recombination mediator bound in ssDNA (51) | |
Promote Rad51-dependent homologous recombination (53) | ||
RAD54 RAD54B | dsDNA-dependent ATPase (53) | |
Involve in DNA repair and mitotic recombination (15,17) | ||
Stimulate of the RAD51/DMC1-regulated D-loop reaction (54) | ||
RAD51AP1 | Promotes D-loop formation by Rad51 (53) | |
SWI5-MEI5 | Mediator activity (54) | |
MND1-HOP2 | Stabilization of RAD51/DMC1 presynaptic filaments (53) | |
PCNA | Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (17) | |
DNA polymerase processivity factor (17) | ||
PALB2 | Promotes BRCA2 localization and stability in nuclear structure (40) | |
Partner and localizer of BRCA2, also known as FANCN (40) | ||
RPA | Highly conserved eukaryotic ssDNA binding protein (19) | |
Stabilization of single-stranded DNA intermediates (36) | ||
Activity in DNA replication, recombination and repair (36) | ||
Important in the process of second-end capture with RAD52 (51) | ||
Resolution | FANCM | DNA-dependent ATPase (54) |
Helicase and strand migration activity (53) | ||
Resolution of meiotic recombination intermediates (54) | ||
BLM | Central regulator of most of the recombination events (53) | |
ATP-dependent DNA helicase (53) | ||
Stimulates DNA Holliday junction dissolution and DNA 4-way junction branch migration (53) | ||
GEN1 | Holliday junction resolvase (63) | |
Promotes template switching (63) | ||
RTEL1 | ATP-dependent DNA helicase (53) | |
Promotes noncrossover repair by meiotic SDSA (53) | ||
Disassembly of D-loop recombination intermediates (53) | ||
SLX1-SLX4 | Holliday junction resolvase (53) | |
Cleaving replication fork (53) | ||
DNA2 | ssDNA-dependent ATPase (53) | |
Nuclease involved in long resection (53) | ||
EXO1 | 5′ overhang endonuclease (53) | |
Long resection of DNA ends generating 3-overhangs (53) | ||
RNaseH activity (53) | ||
MLH1 | Meiosis-specific dHJ resolvase in crossover (53) |
