Fig. 2: GLA-mutant kidney organoids recapitulated human renal Fabry disease.

a Representative image of periodic acid–Schiff staining showing glomerular and tubular structures. Scale bar = 100 µm, 30 µm for zoom. b–d Representative TEM images showing the zebra bodies in the cytoplasm of podocytes, the vacuoles throughout the cytoplasm of tubules and accumulation of damaged mitochondria and lipid droplets. Scale bar = 2 µm for (b, c, d); 1 µm for (b, c) zoom. e Representative toluidine blue staining images showing podocyte-like structures in wild-type and GLA-mutant kidney organoids. Scale bar = 20 µm. f Representative image of TUNEL staining showing apoptotic cells in glomerular and tubular structures. Scale bar = 50 µm, 30 µm for zoom. g Quantification of the percentage of apoptotic cells. The values are the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.