Fig. 2: RNA editing of AZIN1 induces its nuclear localization. | Experimental & Molecular Medicine

Fig. 2: RNA editing of AZIN1 induces its nuclear localization.

From: AZIN1 RNA editing alters protein interactions, leading to nuclear translocation and worse outcomes in prostate cancer

Fig. 2

a, PC3 and (b) human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells were transfected with 1.5–2.5 µg of pcDNA3.1-Clover-AZIN1, pcDNA3.1-Clover-edited-AZIN1 or Clover-uneditable-AZIN1 for 24 h and analyzed by confocal microscopy. c The amount of edAZIN1 was measured by ddPCR, and tissues with low and high AZIN1 editing were identified (tissues with low editing had < 1% edAZIN1 among total AZIN1 RNA, while tissues with high editing had up to 31.5%). Then, the same tissues were stained with an anti-AZIN1 antibody (d). Tissues with low AZIN-1 editing showed cytoplasmic localization only (up), while tissues with high AZIN1 editing showed cytoplasmic and nuclear localization of AZIN1 (down). The intensity was measured by ImageJ software, and the anti-AZIN1 antibody was validated as described in the Materials and Methods section. In (a and b), the bar graphs summarize the percentages of 50 cells exhibiting intense nuclear localization of antizyme + /− 95% confidence intervals. Measurements were performed in a blinded manner. In each case, nuclear localization was significantly associated with transfection with the edAZIN plasmid (P < 0.0001 by Fisher’s exact test).

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