Fig. 2: Critical modulators involved in TDE biogenesis and secretion.
From: Targeted inhibition of tumor-derived exosomes as a novel therapeutic option for cancer
The biogenesis of TDEs begins with early endosomes budding inward to form the MVB, which depends on ESCRT complexes or through the ESCRT-independent pathway based on nSMase2. Subsequently, MVBs fuse with lysosomes for degradation or are docked to the cell periphery with the favor of Rab GTPases for secretion. Finally, SNARE complexes drive membrane fusion for TDE release.
