Fig. 3: Exclusive machinery for TDE biogenesis and secretion.
From: Targeted inhibition of tumor-derived exosomes as a novel therapeutic option for cancer
Key regulators of exosome biogenesis are overexpressed and/or hyperactivated in various tumor cells, contributing to the aberrant secretion of TDEs. The tumor microenvironment (TME) benefits the biogenesis and secretion of TDEs in multiple manners. Under hypoxic and acidic conditions, the biogenesis and secretion of TDEs are crucially regulated, making them different from non-TDEs. Due to specific genomic mutations (e.g., RAS and EGFR) of tumor cells, there are distinguishing mechanisms underlying the biogenesis and secretion of TDEs compared with non-TDEs.
