Fig. 1: STAMBP promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of TNBC cells.

a, b Identification of STAMBP as a carcinogenic deubiquitinase in breast cancer cells. BT549 cells were transfected with 96 deubiquitinase siRNAs for 72 h, and cell proliferation was determined by MTS assay. “DUB gene rank position” means ranking DUBs from 1 (lowest) to 96 (highest) according to the relative cell viability, which is calculated by the following formula: log2 (siDUB/siNC ratio). c MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells were stably transfected with two individual STAMBP shRNAs or control shRNA. STAMBP expression in cells was measured by Western blotting. d–f The proliferation, migration, and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells stably transfected with two individual STAMBP shRNAs or control shRNA for the indicated times were determined by MTS assays (d), wound healing assays (e), and Transwell migration assays (f), respectively. Representative images are shown. Scale bars: 50 μm. The mean ± SD (n = 3). *p < 0.05 compared to the NC. g MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells stably expressed vector or Flag-STAMBP. STAMBP protein expression in cells was measured by Western blotting. h–j Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells stably transfected with vector or Flag-STAMBP for the indicated times were determined by MTS assays (h), wound healing assays (i), and Transwell migration assays (j), respectively. Representative images are shown. Scale bars: 50 μm. The wound healing percentage and cell migration percentage with different treatments were quantified with Image-Pro Plus 7 software.