Fig. 1: Roles of FXR in the physiology and pathophysiology of the kidney.

Schematic of the roles of FXR in kidney physiology and diseases. Activated FXR in the kidney regulates urine volume, osmolality, and lipid metabolism. It has protective effects against acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, and vascular diseases through anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antilipogenic, and antioxidant effects. It also plays regulatory roles in glucose metabolism.