Fig. 10: Scheme showing an important role of Cat D in the metastatic potential of tumors through TGFBI-CCL20-mediated TAM polarization.

Loss of Cat D suppressed polarization into M2-like TAMs through upregulation of TGFBI and downregulation of CCL20. In turn, macrophages primed using Cat D KO cancer cells remarkably suppressed cancer metastasis. Altogether, controlling the activity and expression of Cat D can be considered a potential combination therapy for treating cancer metastasis and immune escape. Created with BioRender.com.