Fig. 3: Analysis of the maintenance of cell-specific characteristics within the testis-on-a-chip.

To evaluate whether various loaded cells maintained their molecular characteristics after being embedded within each chamber of the chip, the cells were cultured in specific media for one week and analyzed using well-known cell-specific biomarkers. Sertoli cells were stained for WT1 and SOX9 (a), Leydig cells were stained for CYP11A1 and StAR (b), vascular endothelial cells were stained for PECAM1 and vWF (c), and macrophages were stained for CD11b and CD68 (d). All experiments were performed in triplicate. DAPI was used to label the nuclei within each field.