Fig. 2: The SUMOylation of BRD4 is elevated in the synovium of rats with knee arthritis induced by ACLT.

a Representative images of Safranin O-fast green and Alcian blue staining of cartilage and synovial tissues from rats. b The protein levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, BRD4, and Cbx4 in rat articular cartilage and synovial tissues were determined via IHC. The black arrows indicate areas of significantly increased expression. c The level of SUMO-modified BRD4 determined via co-IP in the immunoprecipitates of SUMO1 and SUMO2/3 from rat synovial tissues. d The levels of SUMO1 and SUMO2/3 in BRD4 immunoprecipitates from rat synovial tissues were determined via co-IP, which revealed the presence of SUMO-modified BRD4 products. e The endogenous binding relationship between BRD4 and Cbx4 in rat synovial tissues was determined via co-IP. In c–e, mixed samples within the group, n = 5. Drug dosage, frequency, and duration of use: (+)−JQ1 (5 mg/mL, 50 μL) and ARV-285 (5 mg/mL, 50 μL) were administered once daily for one week.