Fig. 3: Astrocyte-specific inhibition of miRNA-382-5p can reduce brain tissue injury and the loss of neurological function after TBI.

a Timeline for AAV injection, TBI induction, and behavioral assessments in the experimental study. b The image illustrates the localization of AAV-miR-382-5pi expression within the cortical region at 15 days postinjection. AAV-miR-382-5pi targets astrocytes. Viral GFP expression (green) colocalizes with an astrocytic marker (GFAP, red). Scale bar, 20 μm. c, d Representative MR images and statistical analysis of histological impairments (n = 6 per group; one-way ANOVA) at 24 h after TBI. e Statistical analysis of brain edema. f, g Representative images of TUNEL staining of the AAV-miR-382-5pi group or AAV-Ctrl group (n = 6 per group; one-way ANOVA). h–j Neurological function deficit scores in the AAV-miR-382-5pi group and the AAV-Ctrl group (n = 12 per group; two-way ANOVA). The data are presented as the means ± SDs; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and NS not significant.