Fig. 5: Effects of DVL-1 overexpression on the migration of Sev-pretreated hNPCs and social functions of Sev-pretreated chimeric mice.

a, b The calcium response of control human neurons, Sev-pretreated human neurons and Sev-pretreated DVL-overexpressing (DVL-1^high) human neurons to KCl stimulation. c–e Phase-contrast imaging (c) and quantification of cell migration in control human neurons, Sev-pretreated human neurons and Sev-pretreated DVL-1^high human neurons. f–h Double immunostaining of Tuj-1/Sox2 in control hCO, Sev-pretreated hCO and Sev-pretreated DVL-1^high hCO. Notice the restoration of human neuronal migration in the DVL-1^high culture. i–k Double immunostaining of GFP/DCX in control chimeric mice, Sev-pretreated chimeric mice (^preSev) and Sev-pretreated DVL-1^high chimeric mice. Notice the recovery of migrating DCX-positive cells in Sev-treated DVL-1^high chimeric mice. l–n A three-chamber assay on control chimeric mice, Sev-pretreated chimeric mice and Sev-pretreated DVL-1^high chimeric mice. o–q A resident–intruder assay on control chimeric mice, Sev-pretreated chimeric mice and Sev-pretreated DVL-1^high chimeric mice. Notice the improved social activity in Sev-pretreated DVL-1^high chimeric mice. N = 3 batches of cells per group in a–h and 9–12 mice per group in l–q. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and***P < 0.001. One-way ANOVA. Con, control; DVL-1, Disheveled-1.