Fig. 1: Functional dynamics of layer 2/3 pyramidal cells in fS1 during the vibration frequency discrimination task.

a The behavioral experiment setup. b A time-averaged image from 2P calcium imaging of fS1 layer 2/3. c The layout of individual trials. These trials form a daily regimen of 200 imaging sessions and additional sessions. d Contingent outcomes based on responses to each stimulus. FA false alarm; CR correct reject; PL probe lick; PNL probe no lick. e An increase in the correct rate in mice behavior as learning progresses (each point from e to g represents an individual mouse). f The proportion of trials with left forelimb motion just before or during stimulus delivery. g A response time reduction in the initial 3 days of learning, followed by a consistent level. h Psychometric curve. i An example of an averaged calcium trace from a single neuron responding only to hits (gray shaded: stimulus phase; blue shaded: response window). j An example of an averaged calcium trace of a neuron responding to 600-Hz stimuli. k An example of an averaged calcium trace of a neuron activated by licking. l Changes in the proportion of go and lick neurons over days.