Fig. 5: Decreased sympathetic innervation in Gdf15-KO mice.

a–c Right: the surface area and volume of TH+ sympathetic neurites in eWAT (a), iWAT (b) and BAT (c) of Gdf15-KO and control mice (n = 4 per group). Left: representative fluorescent images of light-sheet microscopy after lipid clearing and whole mounting are shown. Scale bar, 1 mm. d, e The total body weight (d) and fat weight/body weight (e) of Gdf15-KO and control mice (n = 10 per group). f The EE of Gdf15-KO and control mice monitored for 48 h (left) and that in the light or dark cycle (right) (n = 10 per group). The bold lines indicate the dark cycles. All data are shown as means ± s.e.m. Con, control; KO, knockout; n.s., not significant. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 by unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test.