Table 1 Classification of water engineering facilities

From: Spatio-temporal evolution of water engineering facilities and social influences on the Grand Canal during the Ming and Qing dynasties

Classification

Representation facilities

Functions

Water storage facilities

Ponds, reservoirs, etc.

As canal water storage to ensure sufficient water during dry periods

Water distribution facilities

Channels, culverts, etc.

Transfer of water from other rivers or lakes to the canal to replenish the water supply

Overflow facilities

Overflow weirs, rolling dams, etc.

Raise the water level to divert excess water to meet the needs of ship navigation

Water retaining facilities

Dikes, dams, etc.

Water retention and flood control to protect the riverbank from the impact of water flow

Water control facilities

Gate, etc.

Flood and tidal barriers to raise water levels

Riverworks facilities

Slough improvement facilities , etc.

Riparian protection and emergency response

Annexed facilities

Wharves, relay stations, bridges, etc.

It has a wide range of uses

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