Table 7 Results of spatial regression models

CONSTANT

3375.76

2168.74

1.55655

3375.67

2056.18

1.64172

3506.81

2069.42

1.69458

GDP

68.756*

27.5331

2.49721

70.8198**

26.9741

2.62548

67.9805*

29.0784

2.33784

Den_Pop

1.38793

5.60534

0.247608

1.3285

5.32748

0.249368

0.387998

5.23857

0.074066

Night light

40.5053

31.9514

1.26772

40.6679

30.4059

1.3375

50.7558

29.8036

1.70301

FVC

–6232.56**

1998.81

–3.11813

–6232.83**

1895.4

–3.2884

–6440.35***

1888.4

–3.41047

Forest age

13.3753**

4.99533

2.67756

13.3619**

4.73686

2.82082

12.9336**

5.04136

2.56551

Forest density

2.55535

385.511

0.006628

10.4165

365.742

0.02848

–38.0904

376.842

–0.10108

Elevation

–0.0387689

0.203957

–0.19008

–0.04286

0.193975

–0.22098

–0.0545

0.213916

–0.25477

Roughness

7.80679

9.40287

0.830256

7.98674

8.91433

0.895944

4.65681

9.35055

0.498025

NET_year

–33.7205***

6.76153

–4.98711

–33.6919***

6.41232

–5.25424

–35.056***

6.34402

–5.52583

PLAND_grey

12620.6***

3394.36

3.7181

12616.9***

3223.11

3.91452

11807.4***

3179.8

3.71324

Den_CH

53.309**

16.97

3.14137

53.05***

16.089

3.29727

58.0577***

15.7552

3.68499

Den_road

–141.587***

34.5753

–4.09504

–141.87***

32.8024

–4.32498

–142.995***

32.0435

–4.46254

Den_museum

8.8239

55.6738

0.158493

9.62365

52.7912

0.182296

0.809153

51.4714

0.01572

Den_play

93.0687

159.82

0.582336

94.453

151.538

0.623295

86.1806

148.298

0.581133

Dist_RS

–0.00355599*

0.001807

–1.96773

–0.00356*

0.001716

–2.07295

–0.0031

0.001691

–1.83154

Den_SF

–8687.89**

3191.78

–2.72196

–8668.66**

3027.57

–2.86324

–9627.06**

2951.64

–3.26159

Natural

1659.23*

744.522

2.22858

1640.69*

705.841

2.32445

1945.12**

697.082

2.79038

Open

145.736

1386.5

0.10511

136.423

1314.57

0.103778

225.392

1332.93

0.169095

Cohesive

–24.3321

16.6141

–1.46454

–23.8593

15.7531

–1.51458

–32.9361*

16.1802

–2.03558

Sheltered

–3551.17

4104.93

–0.8651

–3624.99

3894.9

–0.9307

–1779.79

3846.11

–0.46275

Serene

–0.506536

1.7928

–0.28254

–0.47874

1.69967

–0.28166

–0.91446

1.6839

–0.54306

Cultivated

3696.32

9155.93

0.403708

3891.44

8680.34

0.448305

1115.03

8654.65

0.128836

Diverse

1615.43

1441.12

1.12096

1650.18

1367.41

1.2068

847.889

1372.4

0.617813

W_VD / LAMBDA

–0.04837

0.163249

–0.29632

0.389995**

0.151368

2.57648

AIC

4019.26

4021.18

4015.06

SC

4102.59

4107.99

4098.4

Log likelihood

–1985.63

–1985.59

–1983.53

R²

0.524

0.570

0.581