Table 1 Classification of indicators and data sources

From: Ecological and carbon footprint based sustainability of traditional polder heritage in Nanxun Huzhou China

Classification

Indicators

Data Sources

Biological Indicators

Agricultural products: rice, wheat, maize, soybean, cotton, rapeseed, potato, peanut, vegetables; Aquatic products: freshwater.

Huzhou Statistical Yearbook (2005–2022); Zhejiang Statistical Yearbook (2005–2022) (Note: Missing data in 2018 were corrected by mean interpolation)

Socioeconomic Indicators

Population: population size (PS); Affluence: per capita gross domestic product (GDP), urbanization rate (UR); Technology: agricultural mechanization (AM), fertilizer usage (FU), irrigation machinery power (IMP), fishery machinery power (FMP)

Huzhou Statistical Yearbook (2005–2022); Zhejiang Statistical Yearbook (2005–2022)

Yield and Equivalence Indicators

Equivalence indicators: rice paddies and drylands (2.82), fish ponds (0.17); Yield indicators: same agricultural and aquatic products as above.

Zhang et al. (2009)36

Carbon Footprint Indicators

Carbon emission factors: fertilizer, pesticide, agricultural plastic film, crops, machinery usage, irrigation area; Carbon absorption: carbon content, moisture coefficient, economic coefficient, root-to-shoot ratio.

Li et al. (2018)37; Qi et al. (2013)38

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