Fig. 12: Visual attention on protrusions and glaze characteristics.

This figure shows Grad-CAM heatmaps highlighting structural protrusions and glaze details in three ceramic artifacts. Red and yellow indicate regions of high attention, while blue represents low attention intensity. a In the reclining baby pillow, the model focuses on the curvature and facial relief, consistent with high structural complexity. b In the square legged ritual vessel, attention is concentrated on the central embossed feature and lower legs, highlighting both symmetrical relief and form. c In the lion footed censer, the model emphasizes the upper glaze layering and leg junctions, aligning with the complex construction and unique glazing style. This figure is based on original fieldwork photographs taken by the author, it present Grad-CAM attention overlays generated by the author based on real-world imagery.