Fig. 1: Study area.

a The Spatiotemporal distribution of ICRs in Sichuan–Chongqing area. b The location of Sichuan–Chongqing area in China. Note: No changes were made to the base map; it was produced via the “standard map of the National Geographic Information Public Service Platform with the review number of GS (2024) 0650”. The abbreviations in the figure refer to different cities/states: Chengdu(CD), Mianyang(MY), Zigong(ZG), Panzhihua(PZH), Luzhou(LZ), Deyang(DY), Guangyuan(GY), Suining(SN), Neijiang(NJ), Leshan(LS), Ziyang(ZY), Yibin(YB), Nanchong(NC), Dazhou(DZ), Ya’an(YA), Aba(AB), Ganzi(GZ), Liangshan(L-S), Guang’an(GA), Bazhong(BZ), Meishan(MS), Chongqing(CQ).