Fig. 1: Direct effects of genetically predicted body mass index (BMI) and genetically predicted waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) on coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD) and stroke, estimated after adjusting for genetic liability to mediators separately and together in the same model.

The y-axis details the genetically predicted mediator(s) for which adjustments were made. Blood pressure refers to systolic blood pressure. Lipids refer to serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides considered together in one model. CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio, SD standard deviation.