Table 4 Adjusted mean (±SE) year 25 adipose tissue volumes and anthropometric measures of CARDIA participants across tertiles of averaged saccharin intake (N = 3088).

From: Long-term aspartame and saccharin intakes are related to greater volumes of visceral, intermuscular, and subcutaneous adipose tissue: the CARDIA study

Characteristic

Tertiles of averaged Saccharin intake (mg/day)

Trend p-value

1 (n = 1919)

2 (n = 597)

3 (n = 572)

Saccharin (mean)

0

6.01

65.62

 

(range)

(>0–17.1)

(>17.1)

 

Adipose outcome

VAT (mL)

128.3 (±1.7)

135.2 (±2.9)

141.6 (±3.1)

<0.001

SAT (mL)

323.6 (±3.7)

341.5 (±6.4)

368.8 (±6.8)

<0.001

IMAT (mL)

2.29 (±0.03)

2.22 (±0.11)

2.52 (±0.04)

<0.001

Anthropometry

BMI (kg/m2)

29.7 (±0.2)

30.6 (±0.3)

32.0 (±0.3)

<0.001

Weight (kg)

85.9 (±0.5)

88.8 (±0.8)

92.8 (±0.9)

<0.001

WC (cm)

93.5 (±0.4)

95.0 (±0.6)

98.2 (±0.7)

<0.001

25-year changea

BMI change (kg/m2)

5.7 (±0.1)

5.7 (±0.2)

6.2 (±0.2)

0.06

Weight gain (kg)

16.3 (±0.4)

16.6 (±0.6)

18.0 (±0.6)

0.03

WC change (cm)

16.7 (±0.3)

16.6 (±0.5)

18.3 (±0.4)

0.008

  1. Models adjusted for age, sex, race, field center, education, height, smoking, alcohol consumption status, physical activity, energy intake, and HEI2015 score.
  2. aChange in BMI, weight, and WC was also adjusted for baseline BMI, weight, or WC as appropriate.
  3. CARDIA Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults, VAT visceral adipose tissue, SAT subcutaneous adipose tissue, IMAT intermuscular adipose tissue, HEI2015 healthy eating index-2015, BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference.
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