Table 1 Sex differences in subcutaneous adipose tissue mRNA expression of genes in the canonical insulin signal pathway investigating subjects with obesity.

From: Sex differences in adipose insulin resistance are linked to obesity, lipolysis and insulin receptor substrate 1

Gene

RNA seq

RT-qPCR

Females (n = 234)

Males (n = 115)

p value

Females (n = 175)

Males (n = 109)

p value

Insulin signaling

AKT1

9.28 (8.97–9.68)

9.35 (8.95–9.80)

0.32

   

AKT2

12.41 (11.91–12.89)

12.24 (11.64–12.61)

0.0022

   

INSR

9.997 (9.61–10.23)

10.00 (9.68–10.33)

0.54

   

IRS1

8.30 (7.85–8.88)

7.93 (7.51–8.53)

0.0002

0.159 (0.114–0.231)

0.100 (0.076–0.131)

<0.0001

IRS2

11.37 (10.77–11.77)

11.14 (10.68–11.65)

0.056

0.624 (0.413–0.967)

0.553 (0.344–0.907)

0.071

PIK3C2A

8.33 (7.32–9.36)

9.03 (7.42–9.95)

0.048

   

PIK3C2B

6.61 (6.21–8.12)

7.45 (6.22–8.32)

0.61

   

PIK3C2G

3.57 (3.56–3.57)

3.57 (3.33–3.57)

0.11

   

PIK3C3

7.25 (6.79–8.41)

8.18 (6.88–8.61)

0.047

   

PIK3CB

7.71 (7.38–8.71)

8.33 (7.33–8.72)

0.84

   

PIK3CD

7.95 (7.47–8.50)

7.99 (7.59–8.59)

0.17

   

PIK3CG

4.93 (4.48–5.89)

5.38 (4.66–6.20)

0.015

   

PIK3R1

11.42 (11.10–11.75)

11.45 (11.21–11.75)

0.43

   

PIK3R2

5.23 (4.36–5.69)

4.66 (4.14–5.46)

0.0059

   

PIK3R3

9.60 (9.19–10.04)

9.73 (9.43–10.21)

0.033

   

PIK3R4

6.19 (5.86–7.75)

7.45 (5.85–7.79)

0.49

   

PIK3R5

7.11 (5.86-7.75)

7.23 (6.74-7.86)

0.041

   
  1. Values are mean and (interquartile range).
  2. They were compared by Wilcoxon’s two sample test. Because 27 genes were investigated with RNAseq in Tables 1, 2 (see “Methods”) and we had no a priori hypothesis which ones that were subjected to sex difference a Bonferroni corrected p value was used as being statistically significant, namely <0. 00185 (0.05 / 27). Only one gene fulfilled this criterium (bold style). Two genes were validated with RT-qPCR and statistically compared according to sex as with RNAseq in a subgroup. n= number of subjects.
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