Fig. 5: Correlation between the top 20 microbiome and clinical parameters in gastric tissues before sleeve gastrectomy for each group.

Correlation analysis results using Spearman’s analysis. Red indicates a positive correlation, and blue indicates a negative correlation. Asterisks (*) represent the p value of the comparative statistical test for each bacterial genus (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001).