Fig. 2
From: Stem cell-based bone and dental regeneration: a view of microenvironmental modulation
Stem cell-based regenerative strategies for bone and dental tissue. Based on the cellular sources, stem cell-based bone and dental regeneration mainly includes two categories: endogenous stem cell- and exogenous stem cell-mediated regeneration strategies. Both resident and migratory endogenous stem cells have shown great potential in healing of bone and dental loss and defects. Alternatively, the application of exogenous stem cells is promising for regenerating bone and dental tissue through either cytotherapy via systemic/locoregional infusion or tissue engineering, including cell sheet, cell aggregate and scaffold-based tissue construction
