Fig. 2
From: Evaluation of four final irrigation protocols for cleaning root canal walls
Representative confocal laser scanning microscopy images showing bacterial inhibition in dentinal tubules of different groups. a Upper panel: images of the blank control group with only green fluorescence (live bacteria) to confirm the E. faecalis incubation (a1–a3). b Lower panel: Confocal laser scanning microscopy images of live (green) and dead (red) bacteria in dentinal tubules of the coronal, middle, and apical canal thirds from the post-instrumentation baseline (b1–b3), conventional needle irrigation (CNI; c1–c3), EndoActivator (EA; d1–d3), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI; e1–e3), and M3 Max (f1–f3) groups
