Fig. 5

Both PKD3 and PD-L1 activate the ERK1/2 and STAT1/3 pathways to promote EMT in OSCC cells. a Activation of EMT-related factors and the expression of EMT markers in Cal-27 cells transfected with PKD3 and/or PD-L1 siRNAs were analysed by western blot. b Quantification of PKD3, PD-L1 and EMT markers by densitometry analysis. c Densitometric analysis of changes in the abundance of phosphorylated substrates and total proteins normalised to the expression of GAPDH as a loading control. Data are presented as the means ± SD (n = 3). ***P < 0.001. PKD3, protein kinase D3; OSCC, oral squamous cell carcinoma; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription; NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B; PD-L1, programmed death ligand-1; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition