Table 2 The specific inhibitors for endocytic pathways

From: GPCR/endocytosis/ERK signaling/S2R is involved in the regulation of the internalization, mitochondria-targeting and -activating properties of human salivary histatin 1

Full name

Abbreviation

Targeted endocytic pathway

Mechanisms

Cytochalasin D

CYD

Phagocytosis and

Macropinocytosis

Mycotoxin that binds actin and blocks its polymerization65

Chlorpromazine

CPZ

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis

AP2 inhibitor; blocks endosome recycling66

Amiloride

AMR

Macropinocytosis

Na+/H+ exchanger pump inhibitor67

Genistein

GEN

Caveolae-mediated endocytosis

Inhibition of recruitment of dynamin II68,69

Methyl-β-cyclodextrin

MβCD

Lipid-raft mediate endocytosis

Cholesterol depletion70

  1. CYD cytochalasin D, CPZ Chlorpromazine, AMR amiloride, GEN genistein, MβCD methyl-β-cyclodextrin
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