Fig. 2

In vitro cytotoxicity assays and homologous targeting performance of Au@C-CCM. a Viability of CAL27 cells in the presence/absence of laser irradiation after 24 h incubation with Au@C and Au@C-CCM27 at different concentrations. b Calcein-AM and PI staining of CAL27 cells with different treatments. c Representative CLSM images of CAL27 cells treated with Au@C-CCM27, Au@C-CCM7, or Au@C-RBC. d Flow cytometry and e relative fluorescence intensity of CAL27 cells incubated with Au@C-CCM27, Au@C-CCM7, or Au@C-RBC for 4 h. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3). Statistical significance: **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001