Fig. 1

RNA m1A modification is activated during HNSCC initiation and progression. a, b Schematic depicting LC-MS/MS assays. c The levels of various RNA modifications in total RNAs, as detected by LC-MS/MS (n = 3). d The internal m1A/A levels in total RNAs, as detected by LC-MS/MS (n = 3). e The chemical structure of m1A methylation. f Expression of genes related to m1A modification in the TCGA-HNSC dataset. g Cox regression of m1A-associated genes in the TCGA-HNSC dataset. h, i Kaplan‒Meier survival analysis of TRMT61A in the h TCGA-HNSC dataset and i GSE41613 datasets at the best cutoff values. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests (d); Mann–Whitney test (f); Cox regression (g–i); log-rank test (h, i). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001