Fig. 4

KDM2B was the downstream target of mandible-EVs during tooth development. a Heatmap of differentially expressed proteins in tooth germs co-cultured with mandible-EVs. b Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of proteins differentially expressed from tooth germs co-cultured with mandible-EVs. c Volcano plot filtering of differentially expressed proteins. d The level of KDM2B and H3K4me3 in dental mesenchymal cells co-cultured with mandible-EVs. e, f Western blotting quantification. g The enrichment of H3K4me3 at the promoter region of DSPP regulated by mandible-EVs. h The enrichment of H3K4me3 at the promoter region of DMP1 regulated by mandible-EVs. i EdU assays were applied to confirm the proliferation ability of dental mesenchymal cells. Scale bar: 200 μm. j Quantitative analysis. k The protein level of DSPP and DMP1 in dental mesenchymal cells treated with KDM2B. l, m Western blotting quantification. n.s not significant, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01