Table 5 Correlates of log-transformed prenatal and postnatal dentine Pb levels (as ²⁰⁸Pb:⁴³Ca) from sex-adjusted linear mixed models.

		Prenatal Pb		Postnatal Pb
	N	β (95% CI)	% Difference (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	% Difference (95% CI)
Child sex
Male	18	ref	ref	ref	ref
Female	10	0.3 (–0.1, 0.8)	40 (–9, 117)	0.5 (–0.1, 1.1)	60 (–8, 178)
Child age, continuous (years)	28	0.001 (–0.1, 0.1)	–0.1 (–9, 10)	–0.05 (–0.2, 0.1)	–5 (–16, 8)
Birth order
Second or higher	15	ref	ref	ref	ref
First	13	–0.1 (–0.6, 0.4)	–10 (–43, 42)	0.1 (–0.7, 0.5)	9 (–50, 65)
Tooth type
Incisor	24	ref	ref	ref	ref
Molars	4	0.1 (–0.6, 0.7)	7 (–42, 99)	0.03 (–0.5, 1.1)	36 (–38, 197)
Anemic while pregnant
No	19	ref	ref	ref	ref
Yes	8	0.3 (–0.1, 0.8)	41 (–11, 125)	0.5 (–0.2, 1.1)	57 (–13, 185)
Use of filter during pregnancy
Yes	14	ref	ref	ref	ref
No	14	0.02 (–0.4, 0.5)	2 (–34, 57)	0.1 (–0.5, 0.7)	7 (–39, 87)
Ever use formula^a,b
No	7			ref	ref
Yes	21			–0.03 (–0.7, 0.7)	–3 (–49, 87)
Predominant source of milk during infancy
Infant formula^c	11			ref	ref
Breastmilk^d	11			0.1 (–0.6, 0.7)	10 (–41, 104)
Mix of breastmilk and formula^e	6			0.6 (–0.2, 1.3)	74 (–16, 264)

^aPrenatal correlate of breastfeeding and formula variables not analyzed since correlates occur after tooth Pb was measured.
^bApplies to index (participating) child only.
^cPredominantly formula fed defined as maternal report of being breastfed less than 6 months and consuming ≥50% formula during first year of life.
^dPredominantly breastfed defined as maternal report of being breastfed longer than 6 months and consuming less than 50% formula during first year of life.
^eMix of breastmilk and formula defined as maternal report of being breastfed for less than 6 months and consuming less than 50% formula during first year of life OR maternal report of being breastfed for longer than 6 months and consuming ≥50% formula during first year of life.

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