Table 2 Summary statistics for selected pesticides and lead measured in floor wipe samples, play/work surface wipe samples, and windowsill wipe samples collected from the participating childcare centers.
Analyte | Number of Samples Above Reporting Limit | Percent Detect | Mean | STD | Geometric Mean | 50th P | 75th P | 90th P | 95th P | Max |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Floor Wipes | ||||||||||
Pesticides (n = 71; ng/cm2) | ||||||||||
Piperonyl Butoxide | 64 | 90 | 0.1 | 0.54 | 0.016 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.16 | 4.6 |
trans-Permethrin | 52 | 73 | 3.8 | 24 | 0.036 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.94 | 2.0 | 200 |
Bifenthrin | 48 | 68 | 0.3 | 0.84 | 0.022 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.94 | 2.0 | 5.8 |
cis-Permethrin | 38 | 54 | 3.2 | 20 | 0.036 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.76 | 1.2 | 180 |
Cypermethrin | 37 | 52 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.014 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.22 |
Fipronil | 21 | 30 | b | b | b | a | 0.003 | 0.05 | 0.7 | 6.2 |
lambda-Cyhalothrin | 11 | 15 | b | b | b | a | a | 0.01 | 0.02 | 7.8 |
Cyfluthrin | 9 | 13 | b | b | b | a | a | 0.12 | 0.64 | 8.2 |
Deltamethrin | 9 | 13 | b | b | b | a | a | 0.03 | 0.52 | 0.9 |
Propoxur | 6 | 8 | b | b | b | a | a | a | 0.003 | 0.004 |
Chlorpyrifos | 5 | 7 | b | b | b | a | a | a | 0.003 | 0.03 |
Diazinon | 1 | 1 | b | b | b | a | a | a | a | 0.005 |
Metal (n = 16; ng/cm2) | ||||||||||
Lead | 13 | 81 | 0.62 | 0.32 | 0.56 | 0.52 | 0.74 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
Play/work surface wipes | ||||||||||
Pesticides (n = 72; ng/cm2) | ||||||||||
Piperonyl Butoxide | 59 | 82 | 0.26 | 1.6 | 0.01 | 0.008 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.46 | 12 |
trans-Permethrin | 55 | 76 | 0.076 | 0.14 | 0.028 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.22 | 0.42 | 0.72 |
cis-Permethrin | 42 | 58 | 0.058 | 0.098 | 0.026 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.16 | 0.3 | 0.52 |
Bifenthrin | 30 | 42 | b | b | b | a | 0.008 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.12 |
Cypermethrin | 27 | 38 | b | b | b | a | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.16 |
Fipronil | 14 | 19 | b | b | b | a | a | 0.006 | 0.02 | 0.08 |
Deltamethrin | 7 | 10 | b | b | b | a | a | a | 0.03 | 0.12 |
Cyfluthrin | 6 | 8 | b | b | b | a | a | a | 0.03 | 0.16 |
Chlorpyrifos | 4 | 6 | b | b | b | a | a | a | 0.002 | 0.02 |
lambda-Cyhalothrin | 4 | 6 | b | b | b | a | a | a | 0.01 | 0.1 |
Propoxur | 4 | 6 | b | b | b | a | a | a | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Diazinon | 1 | 1 | b | b | b | a | a | a | a | 0.003 |
Metal (n = 16; ng/cm2) | ||||||||||
Lead | 7 | 44 | b | b | b | a | 0.58 | 1.2 | 14 | 14 |
Windowsill wipes | ||||||||||
Pesticides (n = 67; ng/cm2) | ||||||||||
trans-Permethrin | 58 | 87 | 0.16 | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.1 | 0.46 | 0.92 | 1.8 |
Piperonyl Butoxide | 54 | 81 | 2 | 16 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.42 | 120 |
cis-Permethrin | 47 | 70 | 0.12 | 0.26 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.34 | 0.72 | 1.2 |
Bifenthrin | 40 | 60 | 0.16 | 0.9 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.24 | 0.4 | 7.4 |
Cypermethrin | 33 | 49 | b | b | b | a | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.3 | 24 |
Fipronil | 15 | 22 | b | b | b | a | a | 0.01 | 0.02 | 16 |
Deltamethrin | 9 | 13 | b | b | b | a | a | 0.08 | 3.0 | 10 |
Chlorpyrifos | 6 | 9 | b | b | b | a | a | a | 0.01 | 0.04 |
Cyfluthrin | 6 | 9 | b | b | b | a | a | a | 0.42 | 3.4 |
Propoxur | 6 | 9 | b | b | b | a | a | a | 0.004 | 0.01 |
lambda-Cyhalothrin | 3 | 4 | b | b | b | a | a | a | a | 0.12 |
Diazinon | 2 | 3 | b | b | b | a | a | a | a | 0.01 |
Metal (n = 14; ng/cm2) | ||||||||||
Lead | 13 | 93 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 3.6 | 6.8 | 6.8 |
