Table 8 Comparison of soil lead concentrations from sampled childcare centers around the world and U.S. soil lead background concentrations.

From: Pesticide, allergen, PCB, and lead measurements in childcare centers located on tribal lands in the Pacific Northwest, United States

Reference

Geographic Location

Soil Pb Concentration (mg/kg)

This Study

Pacific Northwest, USA

22 (12); 8.4–50a

Marshall et al. [23]

Clark County, Nevada

35.89 (40.77); <7–160a

HUD Report 2003 [5]

USA

81 (329); 28; 3582b

Button [22]

greater Cincinnati area (5 county region surrounding the University of Cincinnati campus), Ohio

11–990c,d; 17–4636c,e

Weismann et al. [20]

Iowa City, Iowa

<10–1100c

Washington State DOH [29]

Six Counties, Washington

0–1400c

Aclan et al. [28]

Manila, Philippines

1.12–2.59c

Fernandez et al. [26]

Caracas Valley, Venezuela

142–465c

Orlova et al. [24]

Moscow, Russia

500–2000c

Haugland et al. [14]

Bergen, Norway

91; 39; <5–1779f

John et al. [25]

Soshanguve, Pretoria East, South Africa

17.7g; 6.9h

Berglund et al. [27]

Sweden

410; 480; 610i

https://www.epa.gov/superfund/usgs-background-soil-lead-survey-state-data

Washington

26.6; 6.1–513.0j

Oregon

14.4; 2.7–44.7j

Idaho

21.2; 5.5–158j

  1. aMean (standard deviation); range.
  2. bMean (standard deviation); median; maximum.
  3. cRange.
  4. dPlayground soil.
  5. eBuilding perimeter soil.
  6. fMean; median; range.
  7. gAverage. Soshanguve.
  8. hAverage. Pretoria East.
  9. iIndividual concentrations reported.
  10. jMean; range.