Table 4 Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ever exposure and cumulative exposure to combined benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) exposure from job-exposure matrix (CANJEM-based BTX metrics) and with additional expert review (hybrid BTX metrics) and risk of bladder cancer.

From: Occupational exposure to organic solvents and risk of bladder cancer

 

CANJEM-based BTX metrics

Hybrid BTX metrics

No lag

Lagged 20-Years

No lag

Lagged 20-Years

Ca

Co

ORsa (95%CI)

Ca

Co

ORsa (95%CI)

Ca

Co

ORsa (95%CI)

Ca

Co

ORsa (95%CI)

Ever exposed

  None

68

121

Ref

112

188

Ref

87

156

Ref

126

224

Ref

  Uncertain

939

1118

1.44 (1.03, 2.01)

915

1071

1.44 (1.09, 1.90)

802

931

1.47 (1.09, 1.99)

785

889

1.53 (1.18, 1.99)

  Exposed

175

169

1.83 (1.23, 2.71)

155

149

1.78 (1.25, 2.54)

293

321

1.61 (1.15, 2.26)

271

295

1.63 (1.20, 2.21)

Cumulative exposure

  None

68

121

Ref

112

188

Ref

87

156

Ref

126

224

Ref

  Q1

42

43

1.67 (0.96, 2.93)

40

41

1.54 (0.90, 2.63)

70

103

1.18 (0.76, 1.83)

71

97

1.26 (0.83, 1.90)

  Q2

37

42

1.68 (0.96, 2.96)

32

38

1.66 (0.95, 2.90)

70

85

1.48 (0.95, 2.31)

68

82

1.52 (1.00, 2.31)

  Q3

47

42

1.99 (1.15, 3.43)

44

38

1.94 (1.14, 3.30)

81

72

1.94 (1.25, 3.02)

80

76

1.88 (1.24, 2.85)

  Q4

49

42

1.95 (1.14, 3.36)

39

32

2.03 (1.16, 3.57)

72

61

2.08 (1.31, 3.31)

52

40

2.23 (1.35, 3.69)

      p-trend

 

0.06

  

0.02

  

0.0014

  

0.0010

  1. Ca cases, Co controls.
  2. *Adjusted for age, smoking status, state, race, ethnicity (Hispanic) and non-solvent exposed high-risk occupations for bladder cancer.