Table 1 Details pertaining to definitions of microplastics and nanoplastics listed in order of publication.
From: Plastic induced urinary tract disease and dysfunction: a scoping review
Author | Country | Month and year of publication | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|
Chen et al. [44] | Taiwan | April 2022 | Microplastics are particles, debris, or fragments smaller than 5 mm that originate from the degradation of larger plastic items or from direct sources like microbeads in cosmetics. |
Zhang et al. [47] | China | May 2022 | Microplastics plastic particles < 5 mm and nanoplastics < 1 μm. |
Goodman et al. [52] | United States of America | September 2022 | Microplastics are less than 5 mm in size. |
Xiao et al. [46] | China | January 2023 | Microplastics are plastics with a size of 0.1–5000 μm and can degrade to the nanoscale, which is called nanoplastics. |
La Porta et al. [42] | Italy | March 2023 | Microplastics are fragments less than 5 mm in diameter. |
Cervello et al. [50] | Italy | June 2023 | Microplastics are plastic fragments between 1 μm and 5 mm in diameter with nanoplastics being <1 μm. |
Exacoustos et al. [54] | Italy | June 2023 | Microplastics are plastic fragments <5 mm in diameter. |
Li et al. [45] | China | July 2023 | Microplastics < 5 mm and nanoplastics < 1 μm. |
Barnett et al. [99]a | Pakistan | July 2023 | Microplastics encompass a range of small fragments, fibres, films, and granules composed of synthetic polymers or polymer matrices. They typically have a diameter of 1 μm up to 5 mm and can originate from both primary and secondary sources. |
Zhu et al. [43] | China | November 2023 | Microplastics < 5 μm and nanoplastics < 0.1 μm. |
Massardo et al. [55] | Italy | February 2024 | Microplastics are plastic particles with sizes between 1 μm and 5 mm. |
Song et al. [41] | China | March 2024 | Microplastics are 0.1 μm to 5 mm and nanoplastics are <0.1 μm. |
