Table 1 Prepregnancy maternal characteristics in women with type 1 diabetes over 14 years of follow-up.

From: Time trends in pregnancy-related outcomes among women with type 1 diabetes mellitus, 2004–2017

 

Overall cohorta n = 700

2004–2008 n = 214

2009–2012 n = 215

2013–2017 n = 271

P for trend

Age (years) (n = 679)

31.7 ± 5.2

31.9 ± 5.4

32.0 ± 5.5

31.3 ± 4.7

P = 0.19

White ethnicity (n = 700)

601 (85.8)

184 (85.9%)

182 (84.6%)

235 (86.7%)

P = 0.80

Primiparous (n = 695)

368 (52.9%)

112 (52.3%)

119 (56.4%)

137 (50.7%)

P = 0.67

BMI (kg/m2) (n = 577)

26.74 ± 5.3

26.45 ± 5.13

26.64 ± 4.99

26.99 ± 5.54

P = 0.31

Obesityb (n = 577)

117 (20.2%)

26 (16.8%)

35 (20.6%)

56 (22.2%)

P = 0.19

Pump use (n = 652)

405 (62.1%)

83 (50.0%)

125 (58.1%)

197 (72.7%)

P < 0.001

CGM use (n = 652)

111 (17%)

0 (0%)

5 (2.2%)

106 (39.9%)

P < 0.001

Nephropathyc (n = 597)

16 (3%)

9 (4.8%)

7 (4.1%)

0 (0%)

P = 0.002

  1. Data are counts (percentages) or means ± SD. P values were calculated for trend.
  2. CGM continuous glucose monitoring.
  3. aAcross all time periods. Analysis of 700 pregnancies in 512 women. Numbers may not sum up to 700 due to missing data on maternal characteristics.
  4. bObesity defined as BMI ≥ 30.
  5. cNephropathy defined as albumin–creatinine ratio ≥300.
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