Table 2 Glucose control and gestational weight gain in women with type 1 diabetes during pregnancy over 14 years of follow-up.

^aHbA1c % 1st trimester (n = 636)

7.01 ± 1.31

6.88 ± 1.14

6.98 ± 1.05

P = 0.83

HbA1c mmol/mol 1st trimester (n = 636)

53 ± 9.89

52 ± 8.6

53 ± 8

P = 0.83

^bHbA1c < 6.5% 1st trimester (n = 636)

72 (37.3%)

72 (37.9%)

84 (33.2%)

P = 0.35

^aHbA1c % 2nd trimester (n = 660)

6.37 ± 0.94

6.24 ± 0.79

6.26 ± 0.74

P = 0.20

HbA1c mmol/mol 2nd trimester (n = 660)

46 ± 6.8

45 ± 6.3

45 ± 6

P = 0.20

^bHbA1c < 6.0% 2nd trimester (n = 660)

70 (34.0%)

77 (38.5%)

87 (34.3%)

P = 1.00

^aHbA1c % 3rd trimester (n = 648)

6.38 ± 0.79

6.31 ± 0.81

6.29 ± 0.68

P = 0.18

HbA1c mmol/mol 3rd trimester (n = 648)

46 ± 5.6

45 ± 5.8

45 ± 5

P = 0.18

^bHbA1c < 6.0% 3rd trimester (n = 648)

60 (29.6%)

59 (31.1%)

76 (29.8%)

P = 0.97

Gestational weight gain (lbs.) (n = 585)

20.38 ± 10.33

19.11 ± 9.34

21.31 ± 10.91

P = 0.28

Excessive weight gain during pregnancy (n = 527)

23, 16.3%

23, 15.4%

62, 26.2%

P = 0.01