Table 3 Adjusted change in serum sodium, potassium, and chloride levels following novel furosemide or chlorothiazide administration.

	Change in serum Na, marginal means (mmol/L)	p-value	Change in serum K, marginal means (mmol/L)	p-value	Change in serum Cl, marginal means (mmol/L)	p-value
Novel Exposure
Furosemide	−1.1	Ref.	0.0	Ref.	−3.4	Ref.
Chlorothiazide	−0.9	0.813	−0.7	0.080	−2.8	0.567
PMA at Exposure
36–40 weeks	−1.2	Ref.	0.0	Ref.	−3.6	Ref.
40–44 weeks	−1.5	0.511	−0.1	0.663	−3.5	0.858
44–48 weeks	−1.1	0.888	−0.5	0.107	−3.7	0.924
>48 weeks	−0.6	0.431	0.0	0.829	−2.5	0.148
Diuretic exposure to follow-up lab time difference^a	0.02	0.003	0.003	0.085	0.04	< 0.001
Diuretic doses between initiation and follow-up lab time^a	−0.443	0.026	0.049	0.360	−0.746	0.004
Diuretic Dose^b
Low	−0.5	Ref.	0.0	Ref.	−2.7	Ref.
High	−2.5	< 0.001	−0.4	0.285	−4.6	0.021
Electrolyte-Specific Covariates
No Increase in NaCl	−1.1	Ref.
Increase in NaCl^c	−0.3	0.418
Diuretic Route
Intravenous			−0.1	Ref.
Gastric			−0.2	0.932
Post-Pyloric			−0.2	0.505
No Dexamethasone					−3.2	Ref.
Dexamethasone					−5.2	0.306
Male Sex					−2.8	Ref.
Female Sex					−3.6	0.290

Na Sodium, K Potassium, Cl Chloride.
Table depicts marginal means for change in serum Na, K, and Cl between pre- and post-lab values before and after novel diuretic administration estimated with a multivariable regression model using cluster-robust variance estimates to account for repeated observations within subjects. PMA at exposure, diuretic exposure to follow-up lab time difference, and dose were included a priori. Increase in NaCl supplementation during the exposure window between the pre- and post-lab times for sodium, concurrent dexamethasone use and sex for chloride, and medication route for potassium were included following association with novel furosemide and chlorothiazide exposure at p < 0.10 in bivariable analysis.
^aContinuous variable displayed as beta-coefficient instead of marginal mean.
^bDose for furosemide and chlorothiazide, low denotes ≤1 mg/kg/24h for furosemide and ≤10 mg/kg/24h for chlorothiazide, high denotes >1 mg/kg/24h for furosemide and >10 mg/kg/24h for chlorothiazide.
^cDenotes increase in enteral or parenteral NaCl supplementation between diuretic exposure and post-lab collection.

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