Fig. 3: Henderson–Hasselbach equation.
From: ABCs of base therapy in neonatology: role of acetate, bicarbonate, citrate and lactate

The Henderson–Hasselbalch equation helps assess the acid-base status of a patient and determine whether respiratory or metabolic factors are contributing to an acid-base imbalance. The yellow (excess acid production), green (loss of bicarbonate), and blue (respiratory acidosis) boxes depict the common causes of acidosis in newborns.