Fig. 1
Electron microscopy of the diaphragm. Representative micrographs of the longitudinal sections of diaphragm (×20,000: upper panel; ×40,000: lower panel) were from the same diaphragms of nonventilated control mice and mice ventilated at a tidal volume (VT) of 6 mL/kg (VT 6) or 10 mL/kg (VT 10) for 8 h with or without LPS administration (n = 3 per group). a, b Nonventilated control wild-type mice with or without LPS treatment: normal sarcomeres with distinct A bands, I bands, and Z bands; c 6 mL/kg wild-type mice with LPS treatment: reduction of diaphragmatic disruption; d 10 mL/kg wild-type mice with LPS treatment: disruption of sarcomeric structure with loss of streaming of Z bands, mitochondrial swelling, and accumulation of lipid droplets; e 10 mL/kg wild-type mice pretreated with SN50: attenuation of diaphragmatic disruption. f Injury scores of lung mitochondria were from the diaphragms of nonventilated control mice and mice ventilated at a tidal volume of 6 mL/kg or 10 mL/kg for 8 h with or without LPS administration (n = 3 per group). Mitochondrial swelling with concomitant loss of cristae and autophagosomes containing heterogeneous cargo are identified by arrows. SN-50 2 mg/kg was given intraperitoneally 30 min before mechanical ventilation. *P < 0.05 versus the nonventilated control mice with LPS treatment; †P < 0.05 versus all other groups. Scale bar represents 500 nm. LPS lipopolysaccharide
