Fig. 5
Electrochemical-based approaches. a A schematic illustration of an electrochemical sensor for miRNA detection. b Representation of miRNA assay using electrocatalytic nanoparticles tags. Reproduced with permission from ref. [82] copyright 2006, Amerian Chemical Society. (c, left) Schematic demonstration of the p19-based amperometric magnetosensor designed for the determination of miR-21. Reproduced with permission from ref. [83] copyright 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. (c, right) Illustration of the antibody-functionalized magnetic bead-based amperometric magnetosensor designed for the determination of miRNAs. Reproduced with permission from ref. [84] Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society. d Schematic illustration of the detection strategy for microRNA assay based on hybridization protection against nuclease S1 digestion (adapted from ref. [86])
