Fig. 2
From: Lysyl oxidase enzymes mediate TGF-β1-induced fibrotic phenotypes in human skin-like tissues
Suppression of LOXs-mediated collagen cross-linking alters stromal stiffness and collagen organization in hSEs. hSEs were treated with 2 ng/mL TGF-β1 or/and 8 μM BAPN for 8 days. a Representative hSEs images and relative surface area that was calculated by comparing tissue surface to transwell membrane surface using Image J. b AFM measurement on the stromal surface of hSEs. Valid measurements (> = 9) were collected randomly under force-contact mode. c qPCR of COL1A2 and ACTA2 in fibroblasts. d H&E staining. Arrows: fibroblasts alignment. Scale bar: 50 μm. e Collagen microstructures quantified by SHG/TPEF microscopy. f Representative images of SHG/TPEF microscopy. Green: SHG signals (800 nm excitation, 400 ± 10 nm emission); red: TPEF signals (755 nm excitation, 525 ± 25 nm emission). Scale bar: 100 µm. g Representative images of Picrosirius red (PSR) staining. Yellow–orange birefringence: Type I collagen; blue: polycarbonate membrane. Scale bar: 50 µm. Error bars show mean ± SD (n = 3). (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns not significant)
