Leukemia

Table 3 Association of HRQL and demographic and disease characteristics in MDS patients based on univariate and multivariate multilevel linear regression analyses

From: Health-related quality of life in lower-risk MDS patients compared with age- and sex-matched reference populations: a European LeukemiaNet study

	EQ-5D index (n = 1683 patients)								EQ-VAS (n = 1657 patients)
	Univariate				Multivariate^a				Univariate				Multivariate^a
Variable	Coef.	95% CI		p	Coef.	95% CI		p	Coef.	95% CI		p	Coef.	95% CI		p
Constant	0.74	0.73	0.76	<0.001	0.85	0.81	0.89	<0.001	70.71	67.98	73.44	<0.001	80.85	76.88	84.82	<0.001
Age group
<60
60–75	−0.03	−0.06	0.01	0.144	−0.02	−0.05	0.02	0.287	−3.12	−6.23	−0.01	0.050	−1.85	−4.88	1.18	0.231
75+	−0.11	−0.14	−0.07	<0.001	−0.08	−0.12	−0.05	<0.001	−10.06	−13.19	−6.93	<0.001	−7.33	−10.42	−4.24	<0.001
Sex
Male
Female	−0.07	−0.09	−0.05	<0.001	−0.08	−0.10	−0.06	<0.001	−3.24	−5.17	−1.32	<0.001	−3.65	−5.51	−1.78	<0.001
IPSS-R
Very low risk
Low risk	−0.01	−0.04	0.02	0.414	0.03	0.00	0.06	0.045	−2.19	−4.59	0.21	0.073	1.41	−1.04	3.87	0.260
Intermediate/high risk	−0.01	−0.04	0.03	0.750	0.04	0.01	0.07	0.022	−2.68	−5.42	0.06	0.055	1.62	−1.28	4.52	0.274
Unknown	0.00	−0.04	0.04	0.909	0.02	−0.02	0.07	0.254	−0.01	−3.69	3.67	0.997	3.12	−0.55	6.79	0.095
MDS-CI
Low risk
Intermediate/high risk	−0.07	−0.09	−0.04	<0.001	−0.06	−0.08	−0.04	<0.001	−7.33	−9.26	−5.39	<0.001	−6.22	−8.15	−4.28	<0.001
Haemoglobin (g/dL)
≥10
<10	−0.07	−0.09	−0.04	<0.001	−0.05	−0.08	−0.03	<0.001	−7.12	−8.99	−5.24	<0.001	−5.56	−7.77	−3.35	<0.001
Red blood cell transfusion^b
No
Yes	−0.07	−0.10	−0.05	<0.001	−0.04	−0.07	−0.02	<0.001	−7.14	−9.14	−5.13	<0.001	−4.03	−6.18	−1.87	<0.001

IPSS-R Revised International Prognostic Scoring System, MDS-CI Myelodysplastic Syndrome-Comorbidity Index syndrome-comorbidity index. Bold numbers emphasize significant differences (p<0.05).
^a Adjusted for all other variables
^b As assessed in the year prior to initial diagnosis

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