Fig. 4

Zoledronic acid reduces leukemia burden and improves survival in mice. a Schematic diagram of zoledronic acid treatment schedule. b Leukemia cells were incubated with 0, 1 μM, or 10 μM of zoledronic acid for 48 h. Cell viability was evaluated by alamarBlue assay (n = 4). c Representative images of colony forming cells from leukemia cells treated with 0 or 10 μM of zoledronic acid for 7 days (scale bars, 500 μm) (left) and quantification of the number of colony forming cells (n = 3) (right). d Representative images of paraffin sections of distal femur bone compartment stained for the osteoclastic marker TRAP at Day 15 in mice treated with zoledronic acid or vehicle (scale bars, 10 μm). e Micro-CT analysis (left) and quantification (right) of femur trabecular bone at Day 15 in mice treated with zoledronic acid or vehicle (n = 8 mice/group). f Serum level of CTX at Day 15 in mice treated with either zoledronic acid or vehicle (n = 7 mice/group). g Percentages of mCherry⁺ leukemia cells at Day 15 in the bone marrow, spleen, and blood in mice treated with either zoledronic acid or vehicle (n = 8 mice/group). h Number of non-leukemia cells at Day 15 in the bone marrow of mice treated with either zoledronic acid or vehicle (n = 8 mice/group). i Kaplan–Meier survival curves of leukemia mice that were treated with either zoledronic acid or vehicle (n = 19 mice/group). Throughout, *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Error bars represented mean ± SD