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STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION

Donor selection in T-cell-replete haploidentical donor peripheral blood stem cell transplantation

Leukemia volume 39, pages 951–961 (2025)Cite this article

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Abstract

The effects of donor characteristics on outcomes after T-cell-replete (TCR) haploidentical donor peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) or low-dose antithymocyte globulin (ATG) remain unclear. We evaluated the impact in 1,677 patients who received a PTCy protocol (PTCy-haplo; n = 1,107) or low-dose ATG protocol (ATG-haplo; n = 570). A low CD34+ cell dose (<4 ×106/kg) was the only donor characteristic associated with worse overall survival (OS) after PTCy-haplo (adjusted hazard ratios [aHR] = 1.49, P = 0.008), whereas increasing donor age by decade (aHR = 1.12, P = 0.008) and human leukocyte antigen 2-3 antigen mismatches (aHR = 1.46, P = 0.010), compared to HLA 0-1 antigen mismatches, were associated with worse OS after ATG-haplo. Increasing donor age was associated with a high risk of grade III–IV acute GVHD both after PTCy-haplo (HR: 1.32, P = 0.009) and ATG-haplo (HR: 1.22, P = 0.006). Offspring donors had better relapse-free survival and GVHD-free relapse-free survival than sibling donors after ATG-haplo. Our data highlights the donor characteristics associated with improved transplant outcomes after TCR haploidentical donor PBSCT with PTCy or low-dose ATG.

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Fig. 1: Scatterplot of recipient age and donor age.
Fig. 2: Spline terms in a Cox model for relative death risk.
Fig. 3: Transplant outcomes from FD and NFD donors in a propensity score-matched cohort.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, JK, upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all the physicians and data managers at the centers who contributed to the collection of data on transplantation for the Japanese Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (JSTCT) and the Transplant Registry Unified Management Program (TRUMP) 2. We also thank the members of the Data Management Committees of the JSTCT and TRUMP for their assistance.

Funding

This work was supported in part by the Takeda Science Foundation (JK) and JSPS KAKENHI Grant number 24K11515 (JK).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Fumiya Wada, Makoto Iwasaki & Junya Kanda

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan

    Masahiro Hirayama

  3. Department of Hematology, Tottori University Hospital, Tottori, Japan

    Koji Kawamura

  4. Department of Hematology, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Nishinomiya, Japan

    Katsuji Kaida

  5. Hematology Division, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Noriko Doki

  6. Department of Hematology, Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital, Osaka, Japan

    Hirohisa Nakamae

  7. Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan

    Yuta Hasegawa

  8. Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Takahiro Fukuda

  9. Department of Hematology, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan

    Tetsuya Eto

  10. Department of Hematology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan

    Nobuhiro Hiramoto

  11. Department of Hematology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan

    Yumiko Maruyama

  12. Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan

    Koji Nagafuji

  13. Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital, Sapporo, Japan

    Shuichi Ota

  14. Department of Hematology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan

    Jun Ishikawa

  15. Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan

    Toshihiko Ando

  16. Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan

    Tatsuo Ichinohe

  17. Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Nagoya, Japan

    Yoshiko Atsuta

  18. Department of Registry Science for Transplant and Cellular Therapy, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan

    Yoshiko Atsuta

  19. Division of Emerging Medicine for Integrated Therapeutics (EMIT), Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan

    Hideki Nakasone

  20. Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan

    Hideki Nakasone

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  1. Fumiya Wada
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Contributions

F.W. and J.K. designed the study, reviewed and analyzed data, and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. M.I., M.H., K.K. (Koji Kawamura), and H.N. interpreted data and revised the manuscript; and K.K. (Katsuji Kaida), N.D., H.N., Y.H., T.F., T.E., N.H., Y.M., K.N., S.O., J.I., T.A., T.I., and Y.A. contributed to data collection. All authors approved the final version.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Junya Kanda.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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This study was approved by the Data Management Committee of the Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (JDCHCT) and the Ethics Committee of Kyoto University (approval number: R1437).

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Informed consent was obtained from all patients.

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Wada, F., Iwasaki, M., Hirayama, M. et al. Donor selection in T-cell-replete haploidentical donor peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Leukemia 39, 951–961 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-025-02538-1

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